Ansible collections are modular packages that group related content such as roles, modules, and plugins. Understanding where collections are installed is essential for managing and customizing your Ansible automation workflows. This article explains the default installation paths for Ansible collections and how to customize them.
Where Are Ansible Collections Installed?
Default Installation Paths
By default, Ansible collections are installed in two primary locations depending on the type of user access:
1. Global Path:
For system-wide installation, collections are stored under the Ansible system directory:
``
/usr/share/ansible/collections/
`
2. User Path:
For user-specific installation, collections are stored in the user's home directory:
`
~/.ansible/collections/
`
This location is typically used when running ansible-galaxy collection install without administrative privileges.
Verifying Installed Collections
To view all installed collections, use the following command:
`bash
ansible-galaxy collection list
`
This command outputs the collection name, version, and installation path.
How to Customize Collection Installation Paths
Ansible allows you to customize collection paths using the ANSIBLE_COLLECTIONS_PATHS environment variable or by modifying the ansible.cfg configuration file.
Using Environment Variables
Set a custom collection path using the ANSIBLE_COLLECTIONS_PATHS environment variable:
`bash
export ANSIBLE_COLLECTIONS_PATHS=/custom/path/to/collections
`
This variable overrides the default paths during collection installation and execution.
Updating the Configuration File
Modify the ansible.cfg file to define custom collection paths:
`ini
[defaults]
collections_paths = /custom/path/to/collections:/another/path
`
Multiple Paths
Ansible supports multiple collection paths. Specify them as a colon-separated list:
`bash
export ANSIBLE_COLLECTIONS_PATHS=/path1:/path2:/path3
`
The order of paths determines the priority when resolving collections.
Installing Collections in Custom Paths
To install collections in a specific directory, use the --collections-path option:
`bash
ansible-galaxy collection install my_namespace.my_collection --collections-path /custom/path
`
This option installs the collection in the specified path instead of the default directories.
Why Customize Collection Paths?
1. Environment Isolation:
Use custom paths to separate collections for different projects or environments.
2. Shared Resources:
Centralize collections in a shared directory for collaborative teams.
3. Testing and Development:
Use custom paths for developing and testing new collections.
Best Practices for Managing Collection Paths
1. Use Version Control:
Store ansible.cfg` or environment variables in version control to maintain consistency.
2. Organize Paths:
Separate production collection